What is it and where does it come from?

Glucuronolactone (glucuronic acid lactone) is a natural metabolite found in the body.

Because Glucuronolactone was used as a drug during the Vietnam conflict to supply energy and feelings of well being to soldiers in combat, it was believed widely that Glucuronolactone was developed by the United States Government. Because Glucuronolactone is naturally occurring, this claim is false and no evidence exists to support this claim.

What does it do and what scientific studies give evidence to support this?

Glucuronolactone is a popular ingredient in energy drinks. Most of these drinks contain caffeine, but Glucuronolactone is included because it not only supplies energy, it also increases feelings of well-being.

Glucuronolactone has been clinically proven to reduce sleepiness and sleep-related driving incidents under conditions of afternoon monotonous driving following sleep restriction the night before.¹ It is widely known to improve mental performance, reaction time, concentration and memory.^2,3,4

Who needs it and what are some symptoms of deficiency?

The body manufactures Glucuronolactone naturally and deficiencies are rare.

Supplementation can be of benefit to those who want increased energy levels and increased feelings of well-being.

How much should be taken? Are there any side effects?

Strictly adhere to label instructions.

Glucuronolactone is not available over-the-counter in Canada, England, Germany and France.

REFERENCES

1. Reyner LA, Horne JA. Efficacy of a 'functional energy drink' in counteracting driver sleepiness. Physiol Behav. 2002 Mar;75(3):331-5.

2. Alford C, Cox H, Wescott R. The effects of red bull energy drink on human performance and mood. Amino Acids. 2001;21(2):139-50.

3. Horne JA, Reyner LA. Beneficial effects of an "energy drink" given to sleepy drivers. Amino Acids. 2001;20(1):83-9.

4. Seidl R, Peyrl A, Nicham R, Hauser E. A taurine and caffeine-containing drink stimulates cognitive performance and well-being. Amino Acids. 2000;19(3-4):635-42.